Panama

Executive summary

Cuba's Henry Reeve medical mission to Panama began on 24 December 2020, deploying 231 professionals across ten brigades under a country-to-country agreement with MINSA amid the Covid-19 emergency; it concluded by August 2021 following phased withdrawals and now stands inactive, with 266 collaborators accumulated historically. The dataset shows no significant discrepancies in official figures, though transparency was contested locally. Documented violations include Cuba's Resolution 368/2020, Penal Code article 176, Migration Law provisions, and Decree 306/2012—evidencing forced-labor conditions where salaries flowed to the Cuban state rather than workers, who reportedly deserted in large numbers. Personnel were also obligated to political actions in-country. Behind humanitarian branding, the state collected the wages while the healers bore the cost.

Mission data

Research profile